生物
微生物群
霍乱弧菌
殖民抵抗
微生物学
毒力
病菌
失调
基因组
胃肠道
免疫学
殖民地化
细菌
遗传学
基因
生物化学
作者
Salma Alavi,Jonathan Mitchell,Jennifer Y. Cho,Rui Li,John Macbeth,Ansel Hsiao
出处
期刊:Cell
[Cell Press]
日期:2020-06-01
卷期号:181 (7): 1533-1546.e13
被引量:111
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.036
摘要
The gut microbiome is the resident microbial community of the gastrointestinal tract. This community is highly diverse, but how microbial diversity confers resistance or susceptibility to intestinal pathogens is poorly understood. Using transplantation of human microbiomes into several animal models of infection, we show that key microbiome species shape the chemical environment of the gut through the activity of the enzyme bile salt hydrolase. The activity of this enzyme reduced colonization by the major human diarrheal pathogen Vibrio cholerae by degrading the bile salt taurocholate that activates the expression of virulence genes. The absence of these functions and species permits increased infection loads on a personal microbiome-specific basis. These findings suggest new targets for individualized preventative strategies of V. cholerae infection through modulating the structure and function of the gut microbiome.
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