Stress Process, The

Abstract The stress process model is the predominant theoretical model for understanding the role of social stress in generating mental health disparities. Its components include: (1) stressors, which are external conditions that pose a threat or that obstruct attaining goals; (2) stress, the internal physiological arousal that results from exposure to a stressor; (3) distress, which is the emotional response that may result in mental and emotional disorder; and, (4) social and personal resources that counterbalance exposure to stressors. Key processes are the mediating and moderating role of resources with regard to the impact of stress on mental health.