Polystyrene with a methoxytriphenylamine-conjugated-thiophene moiety side-chain as a dopant-free hole-transporting material for perovskite solar cells

A novel side-chain polymer was designed and synthesized by integrating a methoxytriphenylamine-conjugated-thiophene moiety as the hole transporting material (HTM) unit on a polystyrene side-chain (HTM–P1) by the radical polymerization of its relevant monomer (HTM–M1).