Optical modulation in hybrid antiresonant hollow-core fiber infiltrated with vanadium dioxide phase change nanocrystals

We present a study of optical modulation by the effect of temperature-induced insulator-to-metal phase transition of vanadium dioxide ( V O 2 ) nanocrystals deposited in an antiresonance hollow-core fiber (AR-HCF). We fabricate such a V O 2 -coated fiber by embedding alkylsilane functionalized V O 2 nanocrystals into the air holes of an AR-HCF. With this fiber, we achieve an optical loss modulation of ∼ 60 % at a temperature above ∼ 53 ∘ C over an ultrabroad spectral range that encompasses the S + C + L band.