P-糖蛋白
血脑屏障
并行传输
中枢神经系统
血管通透性
势垒函数
糖蛋白
流出
药理学
内皮
细胞生物学
生物
磁导率
神经科学
生物化学
内分泌学
多重耐药
膜
抗生素
作者
Björn Bauer,Anika M.S. Hartz,Gert Fricker,David S. Miller
标识
DOI:10.1177/153537020523000206
摘要
The central nervous system (CNS) effects of many therapeutic drugs are blunted because of restricted entry into the brain. The basis for this poor permeability is the brain capillary endothelium, which comprises the blood-brain barrier. This tissue exhibits very low paracellular (tight-junctional) permeability and expresses potent, multispecific, drug export pumps. Together, these combine to limit use of pharmacotherapy to treat CNS disorders such as brain cancer and bacterial or viral infections. Of all the xenobiotic efflux pumps highly expressed in brain capillary endothelial cells, p-glycoprotein handles the largest fraction of commonly prescribed drugs and thus is an obvious target for manipulation. Here we review recent studies focused on understanding the mechanisms by which p-glycoprotein activity in the blood-brain barrier can be modulated. These include (i) direct inhibition by specific competitors, (ii) functional modulation, and (iii) transcriptional modulation. Each has the potential to specifically reduce p-glycoprotein function and thus selectively increase brain permeability of p-glycoprotein substrates.
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