Stimulus-Responsive Silicon Carrier-Based Nanopesticides

Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) have emerged as versatile platforms for delivering antimicrobial agrochemicals, thanks to their mesoporous structures, flexible surface chemistry, and ability to respond to external stimuli. By combining covalent attachment with supramolecular encapsulation, they can efficiently load agents such as quaternary ammonium salts and triazole fungicides, improving both stability and bioavailability. Beyond controlled release, SiNPs also support plant health through beneficial silicon-phytochemical interactions. This review highlights recent advances in silicon-based nanopesticides, focusing on synthesis strategies, environmental behavior, and practical applications. Particular attention is given to how structure−property relationships shape the performance of stimulus-responsive systems under real agricultural conditions.