超级电容器
离子液体
材料科学
化学工程
分离器(采油)
电解质
离子键合
复合数
溶解
电容
纳米技术
电极
复合材料
离子
有机化学
催化作用
化学
物理
物理化学
工程类
热力学
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.2c00915
摘要
We develop an environmentally benign supercapacitor, which decomposes by contact with water, incorporating an ionic liquid, carbon powder, a cellulose separator, and a molybdenum electrode. The ionic liquid is dispersed into a water-dissolvable polymer, poly(vinyl alcohol), to produce a solid electrolyte, so-called ionic gel. A carbon composite mixed with the ionic liquid maintains a gel form. The ionic gel and the carbon composite enable an all-solid-state supercapacitor, which can be charged at a voltage of 1.5 V. The supercapacitor shows areal and volumetric capacitances of 65 mF/cm2 and 2.2 F/cm3, respectively. A cycle test reveals that capacitance retention and Coulombic efficiency are 77 and 90%, respectively. As for the dissolution test, the ionic gel and carbon composite dissolves in phosphate buffer solution in 18 days, and the Mo electrode is able to fully dissolve in 500-588 days. Potential applications of the environmentally benign supercapacitor include smart agriculture by monitoring of soil and disaster prevention by a wireless sensor network without the need for retrieval of devices after use.
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