Management of Comorbidities in Treated HIV Infection: A Long Way to Go

Modern ART has now achieved the goal of maintaining HIV RNA suppression with minimum drug-related toxicities. Indeed, in high-income settings, the main health issues in adult people living with HIV (PLWH) today are diseases not directly associated with HIV. These conditions have become the central topic of discussion in HIV clinical forums. While they are common in the general population and typically associated with the aging process, their burden, diagnosis, clinical course and subsequent therapy alongside treated HIV infection exhibit specific features. Currently, we are confronted with the formidable challenge of normalizing the health of PLWH and creating a more comprehensive HIV management program. Here, we compile the opinions of a joint effort of 30 HIV specialists who reviewed the literature and debated the latest major challenges in the field of HIV-associated comorbidities and delineated future strategies to fully normalize health in HIV. Six key questions are answered and developed, such as the relevance of comorbidities in the management of HIV-infected patients, their drivers, management, prevention strategies, and possible evolution in the future.