Reusability of immobilized β-glucosidase on sodium alginate-coated magnetic nanoparticles and high productivity applications

The purpose of this study is to detect the impact of the covalent immobilization of β-glucosidase (β-Glu) from Thermatoga maritima on sodium alginate-based magnetically recyclable iron nanoparticles (SA-Fe3O4 MNPs) for boosting robustness, facile retrieval, and recycling of enzyme. We developed a novel green method to amend the transformation of lactose to galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS). The interaction of the Immobilized β-Glu and SA-Fe3O4 MNPs were characterized by SDS-PAGE, Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and FT-IR spectroscopy. After immobilization, the ideal pH maintained 7.0, the optimum temperature (temp.) increased to 85 °C and deceptive Km and Vmax raised by 65 and 41%, respectively. Immobilization provided low activation energy and enhanced pH and heat stability. The SA-Fe3O4 MNPs maintained the effectiveness of enzyme by 39.52% up to the 6th cycle of reuse and the hydrolysis power exceed 28.13% of lactose to GOS. Conclusively, thermal stability, improved pH, and excellent reusability over β-Glu make SA-Fe3O4 MNPs a viable option for long-term GOS production as well as other industrial uses.