Konjac Oligosaccharides Modulate the Gut Environment and Promote Bone Health in Calcium-Deficient Mice

This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effect of konjac oligosaccharides (KOS) on bone health in calcium-deficient mice. During the experimental period, low-calcium diet-fed mice were administered with calcium chloride to simulate daily calcium supplementation. Meanwhile, different levels of KOS intervened by adding them into the diet. After 8 weeks, the calcium balance status, bone mass parameters, and gut environment modulation were evaluated. The results showed that dietary KOS intervention alleviated the negative calcium balance, significantly promoted the trabecular number and cortical thickness, and remarkably enhanced the skeletal mechanical strength. Moreover, Pearson's correlation analysis among significantly changed gut microbiota, gut metabolites, and relevant physiological indexes showed that the microbial genera of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Mucispirillum, Alistipes, and unidentified Clostridia and gut metabolites of kynurenine and testosterone were significantly associated with increased bone mass. These findings provided a new insight into the effect of prebiotics on bone health.