Advanced Polysaccharide‐Based Multilayer Films for Fresh‐Cut Produce Packaging: Improving High Humidity Resistance With Layer‐By‐Layer Assembly and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

ABSTRACT This study explored the modification of polysaccharide films using a combination of layer‐by‐layer assembly techniques and metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) to enhance their performance in high‐humidity conditions. The results demonstrated that the multilayer film incorporating MONPs exhibited superior characteristics compared to both multilayer and blending films. Notably, the MONPs‐incorporated multilayer film displayed significantly enhanced surface hydrophobicity (contact angle reaching 98.5°) and a more compact microstructure under high humidity conditions. Isothermal moisture absorption analysis revealed slower moisture uptake kinetics in the multilayer nanocomposite film. The optimized barrier properties were evidenced by reduced water vapor transmission rate (409.32 g m −2 24 h −1 ) and oxygen transmission rate (30.7 cm 3 m −2 24 h −1 ), coupled with decreased non‐migratory water content and a markedly increased glass transition temperature. Mechanical testing showed remarkable improvements, with the MONPs‐reinforced multilayer film exhibiting 55.6% higher tensile strength and 83.2% greater Young's modulus relative to the blending film. In practical applications, the nanocomposite film effectively preserved fresh‐cut produce by reducing weight loss, suppressing browning, decreasing malondialdehyde accumulation, and inhibiting polyphenol oxidase activity. Furthermore, the film restricted microbial growth and extended shelf‐life compared to controls. Importantly, the film's structural and functional stability after packaging applications, demonstrating its potential for commercial fresh‐keeping applications.