[Advances in the treatment of anti-HER-2 antibody drug conjugates in pan-tumor with low HER-2 expression].

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are drugs that combine monoclonal antibody drugs targeting specific antigens and small molecule cytotoxic drugs through linker molecules. ADCs combine the advantages of high specificity targeting and potent killing effects, achieving precise and efficient targeting of cancer cells. Nowadays, ADCs are one of the hotspots in cancer drug development. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) is a known oncogene that can drive the occurrence and development of various types of tumors. HER-2 is also an important tumor target for ADCs approved for solid tumors. Anti-HER-2 ADCs can not only be used to treat HER-2-positive tumors but also effectively target HER-2-low tumors. The emergence of ADCs has broken the traditional classification of HER-2 in tumors, bringing significant treatment breakthroughs for HER-2-low tumors. Anti-HER-2 ADCs are widely used in the treatment of solid tumors and have substantial evidence for HER-2-low tumors. This article presents the progress of various anti-HER-2 ADCs in HER-2-low tumors including breast cancer, gastrointestinal malignancies, urothelial carcinoma, lung cancer. And this article summarizes the current status of preclinical studies, clinical studies, and safety of anti-HER-2 ADCs in order to provide reference for the clinical use of HER-2-low tumors.抗体药物偶联物（ADCs）由靶向特异性抗原的单克隆抗体药物和小分子细胞毒药物通过连接子偶联而成，它结合了高特异性靶向能力和强效杀伤作用的优势，实现了对癌细胞的精准高效打击。目前ADCs是抗癌药物研发的热点之一。人表皮生长因子受体2（HER-2）是目前已知的一种原癌基因，可以驱动多种肿瘤类型的发生和发展，HER-2也是早期获批用于实体肿瘤ADCs的重要肿瘤靶点。抗HER-2的ADCs不仅可用于治疗HER-2阳性肿瘤，而且对HER-2低表达肿瘤也有效。ADCs的出现打破了肿瘤中HER-2传统分型，为HER-2低表达肿瘤带来了重大的治疗突破。抗HER-2的ADCs在实体瘤治疗中应用广泛，在HER-2低表达肿瘤中也有较多的循证医学证据。文章概述各个抗HER-2的ADCs在HER-2低表达泛瘤种（包括乳腺癌、消化道恶性肿瘤、尿路上皮癌、肺癌等）中的治疗进展，总结各个抗HER-2 ADCs目前临床前研究、临床研究及安全性等方面的研究现状，以期为HER-2低表达肿瘤的临床用药提供参考。.