Drug-drug interactions with direct oral anticoagulants for the prevention of ischemic stroke and embolism in atrial fibrillation: a narrative review of adverse events

Tests for plasma DOAC-levels and information about DDI of DOAC should be widely available and user-friendly. If advantages and disadvantages of DOAC and VKA can be investigated exhaustively, individualized anticoagulant therapy can be offered to patients, considering co-medication, comorbidities, genetic and geographic factors and the health care system.