ՄԻԿՐՈԳԼԻԱՅԻ ԵՎ ՈՍԿՐԱԾՈՒԾԻՑ ՍԵՐՎԱԾ ՄՈՆՈՑԻՏՆԵՐԻ ԴԵՐԸ ԱԼՑՀԵՅՄԵՐԻ ՀԻՎԱՆԴՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՊԱԹՈԳԵՆԵԶՈՒՄ

Given the results obtained from several studies conducted in recent years, the roles of microglia and bone marrow-derived monocytes in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are becoming much clearer. Microglia, as resident immune cells, respond to pathogenic factors by coordinating neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective processes. However, when chronically activated, their functions are disrupted, leading to an exacerbation of the existing pathology. In response to signals released during neuroinflammation and damage to the brain, bone marrow-derived monocytes that infiltrate the brain, as well as their potential differentiation into microglia-like cells, introduce new dynamics to the immune defense. Many aspects of this process remain unknown, including the entire spectrum of potential positive and negative effects and their consequences within the context of AD pathogenesis. Revealing these factors requires further investigation; however, the findings from existing studies suggest that these bone marrow-derived cells could be considered potential candidates for therapeutic intervention in AD. Furthermore, understanding the precise mechanisms by which these cells interact with the neuroinflammatory environment may provide critical insights into developing targeted therapies aimed at modifying disease progression. As research continues to uncover these complex interactions, the potential for innovative treatment strategies to emerge becomes increasingly promising.