1,4 Butanesultone Functionalized Graphitic Carbon Nitride: Efficient Catalysts for the One-Pot Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridine and Polyhydroquinoline Derivative through Hantzsch Reaction

In this research, covalently linked sulfonic acid (SO3H) modified g-C3N4 nanosheet (CNNs) catalysts was prepared. For this purpose, graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNs) were successfully synthesized. By the reaction of synthesized CNNs with 1,4-butane-sultone, CNNs-Bu-SO3H organocatalyst was produced. The synthesized organocatalyst was characterized by FTIR, EDS, XRD, FESEM, and TGA analysis. The catalytic efficiency of the CNNs-Bu–SO3H was explored for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine and polyhydroquinoline derivatives. The synthesized organocatalyst exhibits good thermal stability, high acidity and could be used up to five reaction cycles without a noticeable decrease in catalytic activity.