分解水
析氧
电解水
过渡金属
材料科学
电解
纳米技术
电化学
碱性水电解
双功能
电催化剂
化学
催化作用
光催化
电极
电解质
生物化学
物理化学
作者
Muhammad Nazim Lakhan,Abdul Hanan,Altaf Hussain Shar,Ali Irfan,Yuan Wang,Mukhtiar Ahmed,Umair Aftab,Hongyu Sun,Hamidreza Arandiyan
摘要
Water electrolysis is a promising method for efficiently producing hydrogen and oxygen, crucial for renewable energy conversion and fuel cell technologies. The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are two key electrocatalytic reactions occurring during water splitting, necessitating the development of active, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts. Transition metal (TM)-based electrocatalysts, spanning noble metals and TM oxides, phosphides, nitrides, carbides, borides, chalcogenides, and dichalcogenides, have garnered significant attention due to their outstanding characteristics, including high electronic conductivity, tunable valence electron configuration, high stability, and cost-effectiveness. This timely review discusses developments in TM-based electrocatalysts for the HER and OER in alkaline media in the last 10 years, revealing that the exposure of more accessible surface-active sites, specific electronic effects, and string effects are essential for the development of efficient electrocatalysts towards electrochemical water splitting application. This comprehensive review serves as a guide for designing and constructing state-of-the-art, high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts based on TMs, particularly for applications in water splitting.
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