Water quality detection based on UV-Vis and NIR spectroscopy: a review

Due to rapid economic development and urbanization, water pollution has posed a significant threat to public health and social stability. Therefore, accurate and rapid monitoring of water quality becomes particularly important and significant. As an environmentally friendly, nondestructive and efficient detection technology, spectral analysis technology provides an effective tool for qualitative analysis and quantitative detection of pollutants in water environment. In this paper, the principle of UV-Vis spectroscopy and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and their application in water quality detection are studied. UV-Vis and NIR spectroscopy techniques for the detection of many kinds of water quality parameters are discussed according to the classification of chemical oxygen demand, organic matter, microbial pollutants, heavy metals and emerging pollutants. The information of light source in spectroscopy measurement and the algorithms used in spectral data processing are summarized. Finally, the application tendency of spectrum technology in water pollution detection is prospected.