Development of inclusion complexes of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with Psidium guajava L. essential oil by freeze-drying and kneading methods for application as Aedes aegypti L. larvicide

Inclusion complexes (ICs) of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with the essential oil (EO) from Seculo XXI cultivar of Psidium guajava were prepared using kneading (KN) and freeze-drying (FD) methods. The resulting ICs clusters have a nanometric size, with a diameter of approximately 80 and 40 nm for KN and FD, respectively. Complexation efficiency was 80.3% and 50.8% for KN and FD methods, respectively. The larvicidal activity of the EO in DMSO on A. aegypti had LC50 and LC90 values of 51.49 and 64.51 µg mL−1, respectively. For the KN method, the toxicity corresponded to 77.54 and 107.29 µg mL−1 for LC50 and LC90, respectively. FD method demonstrated toxicity at concentrations above 600 µg mL−1. Thus, ICs enable the use of EO in breeding sites for A. aegypti, thus being potential products to be commercially exploited.