Water Treatment by Using Situ Pressure in Reverse Osmosis: Strategies and Implications

Desalination is one of the primary methods used nowadays in many places to acquire water. Reverse osmosis is the most advanced technique for water filtering. Desalination is necessary in arid countries and in cases where good-quality water is required for industrial purposes and fresh water is not available. Power pumping is used in this system to inject water into semi-membranes, where the salty water is then removed from the solution. The goal of this study was to provide guidelines for using the pressure generated in situ of harvesting water instead of a power pump, which creates the pressure required for reverse osmosis. These recommendations have been split into two primary groups: Utilizing the natural pressure that is formed, or, alternatively, the forces that are brought about by structures erected for water harvesting.