Evaluating Models for Sub-Convective Pressure Fluctuations in Turbulent Boundary Layers

Wall pressure spectrum models form a crucial aspect for design analysis and there are numerous models available for use. However, the consistency between different models has been a topic of debate due to their dependence on flow conditions and facilities. Predictions from such models for the convective pressure spectrum have been well established but the sub-convective region has deficiencies due to challenges in measurements. This study performs a detailed evaluation of the leading models with measurements obtained in a wind tunnel using an in-house designed array of wall pressure sensors. The study identifies inaccuracies between the models and the measured data in the form of predicted levels, convection speed relation, and pressure gradient effects. The comparison reveals trends between the data and models in selective wavenumber-frequency regimes. The study highlights the need of improvements in wall pressure spectrum models, specifically in the sub-convective domain accounting for these variables.