Toward precision in psoriatic arthritis: addressing the challenge of difficult-to-treat disease

Recognizing D2T-PsA as a distinct, multifactorial entity is critical to advancing personalized medicine. Future directions will involve harmonizing EULAR and GRAPPA frameworks, integrating biomarker discovery, digital tools, and adaptive trial designs, and embedding patient perspectives. This multidimensional approach is expected to transform treatment from empirical cycling toward precision care in psoriatic arthritis.