Unifying distributed synchrony and optimality in DC microgrids

A distributed control method is proposed to optimize the power sharing among sources in a dc microgrid, while handling the voltage regulation of the overall system. During the optimization process, an economic dispatch problem is solved to set the output power for all the sources. To this end, the voltage set points of individual sources are adjusted using a voltage regulator and an optimizer, which regulates the average voltage of the sources to establish the equality constraint and matches the incremental costs, respectively. The optimizer is then modified to satisfy the inequality constraints, i.e., generation limits of the sources. This co-regulation and -optimization paradigm is developed in a fully distributed fashion. Simulations results verify the performance of the proposed method and validate its resiliency against cyber and physical faults.