Abstract In this chapter, the advantages and significance of sex reversal and breeding to produce monosex female populations (which is an excellent method to increase growth and production of some species of fish) was discussed. Key points that were emphasized includes: for some species, monosex females also have superior flesh quality and fry survival; sex reversal and breeding to produce monosex male populations is effective for increasing growth and production in other species, especially tilapia; and monosexing can be an effective method to limit or control reproduction.