Phylogenetic, structure and expression analysis of ABC1Ps gene family in rice

The ABC1 protein family (ABC1P), a new family of putative kinases, widely existed in procaryote and eucaryote. A comprehensive genome-wide analysis was carried out in this study to find all ABC1Ps in rice (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica). We identified 15 ABC1P genes in rice. All the ABC1Ps contained an ABC1 domain of about 120 conserved amino acid residues and conserved kinase motifs-VAIK (VAVK, VAMK) and DFG (DEG). The phylogenetic analysis showed that all the ABC1Ps were grouped into three subgroups, and formed a total of 12 sister pairs. Conserved motifs analysed by MEME program indicated that almost all ABC1Ps contains motifs 1, 3, 7, 8 and 9. Predictably, the ABC1Ps were localized in mitochondria or chloroplasts, which implied that the ABC1Ps might be involved in energy metabolism in plants. RT-PCR assays demonstrated that all 15 ABC1P genes were active, and some of them were affected by abiotic stresses (NaCl, high temperature, methyl viologen, abscisic acid and cadmium).