In this paper,the authors put forward the basic structure principle of single-joint kinematic chain that is applied to innovative synthesis of epicyclic gear trains. With the application of non-oriented double-colors topologi-cal graph and contracted graph of kinematic chain, all kinds of possible kinematic chains that satisfy innovative synthesis of epicyclic gear trains are obtained in the condition of certain number of link and degree of freedom. Not only elementary epicyclic gear trains and all kinds of combined gear train in common use are obtained ,but also some new types of epicyclie gear trains that are difficult to obtain by means of traditional method of combination are obtained. Thus,a new way has been offered for innovative design of epicyclic gear trains.