In order to discuss the improvement effects of an anti-rutting additive on rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures with different particle sizes of aggregate,and compare the rutting resistance improvement levels of different measurements,combining with an actual project,gradation adjustment and KTL anti-rutting additive addition are adopted to enhance die rutting resistance of asphalt mixture.Besides,the effects of both ways on asphalt mixtures rutting resistance are compared based on wheel tracking test and uniaxial dynamic creep test.First,the gradation design and optimum asphalt content of 7 asphalt mixtures are obtained based on Marshall test.Then,the effects of gradation and additive on the rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures with different particle sizes of aggregate are analysed based on indoor wheel tracking test and uniaxial dynamic creep test.The results indicate that both gradation adjustment and anti-rutting additive addition can enhance the rutting resistance,and the improvement effects on the rutting resistance for both cases depend on the aggregate sizes of asphalt mixture.In contrast,the improvement extent of the former is more dependent on particle sizes compared with the latter.