Research Progress on Structure and Neurotoxicity of C19 and C20 Diterpeneoid Alkaloids from Aconiti lateralis Radix Praeparata

Aconiti lateralis Radix Praeparata is the lateral root of Aconitum carmichaeli Debeaux that belonging to Ranunculaceae family. It has been discovered that C19 and C20 diterpeneoid alkaloids are a kind of characteristic compounds from A. lateralis Radix Praeparata with complex structures and neurotoxic activities. The C19 diterpenoid alkaloids are evolved from C20 diterpenoid alkaloids, and they are the main effective components from A. lateralis Radix Praeparata. Moreover, C19 and C20 diterpeneoid alkaloids from A. lateralis Radix Praeparata have the characteristics of both efficacy and toxicity, and they are the main neurotoxic components from A. lateralis Radix Praeparata. Its toxicity mainly affects the central nervous system, and its toxic mechanism involves neurotransmitters, peroxides, ion channels, and so on. Overview of structure and neurotoxicity of C19 and C20 diterpeneoid alkaloids from A. lateralis Radix Praeparata is important for better developing the resources of A. lateralis Radix Praeparata and its clinical application.