Spiropyran-based photo- and thermal-responsive smart polymer with controllable wettability

and thermal-responsive smart polymer, enabling controllable wettability according to different temperature and light conditions, was developed in this paper. The 3-(3′,3′-dimethyl-6-nitrospiro-[chromene-2,2′-indolin]-1′-yl) propyl methacrylate (SPMA) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) by 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) were grafted on the surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to induce free radical polymerization. The SPMA isomerizes from a colorless, hydrophobic spiropyran (SP) form to a deep purple, hydrophilic merocyanine form (MCMA) upon UV-light. The wettability of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) is sensitive to temperature, showing hydrophobicity above the low critical solution temperature (LCST) and hydrophilicity below LCST. Furthermore, the addition of SPMA has realized the significant reversible wettability synergistic with PNIPAAm. The reversible wettability can be controlled by selectively applying single or both factors of light and temperature. Thus, practical application of the above controllable wettability can be greatly expanded. When the polymer is transferred from 40 °C (>LCST)-visible light to 10 °C (