The association of physical activity and depression in Type 2 diabetes

Abstract Aims Physical inactivity and depressed mood are both associated with a higher likelihood of diabetes‐related complications; the association between physical activity and depressed mood in Type 2 diabetes has not been reviewed previously. We have reviewed (i) the strength of this association and (ii) the impact of depression‐specific management and physical activity interventions on mood and activity levels in overweight adults with Type 2 diabetes. Methods Studies published between January 1996 and September 2007 were identified (O vid ‐ medline , P sych‐ I nfo and embase ) using pertinent search terms (keyword/title). Results Of the 12 studies included (10 cross‐sectional, two trials), most employed a standardized questionnaire for depressed mood but only one item for physical activity. In adults with Type 2 diabetes, the inactive are 1.72 to 1.75 times more likely to be depressed than the more active; the depressed are 1.22 to 1.9 times more likely to be physically inactive than the non‐depressed. Two randomized trials demonstrated that a depression management programme improved mood, but only one demonstrated increased physical activity. Conclusions Studies to date suggest an association between depressed mood and physical inactivity in adults with Type 2 diabetes, although objective measures of physical activity have not been employed. Depression‐specific management may improve mood and possibly activity. A trial comparing the impact of depression‐specific management compared with exercise intervention on depressed mood and activity in Type 2 diabetes is justified.