Henan is a major agriculture province. In order to make agriculture further develop and farmers' income increase , the adjustment of agricultural and economic structure must be carried out, of wich the main body is agriculture labour force. The qualities of agriculture labour force, especially the cultural qualities have become the key of it. This article mainly analyses the status of cultural qualities of agriculture labour force in our province, the gap to the demand of agricultural adjustment, and raised the countermeasures of how to improve the cultural qualities of agriculture labour force in our province.