At present,polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites were one of the most important classes of materials.Performance of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites were improved significantly for the specific structure of layered silicate.Important improvement for the preparation,characterization,structure and performance of the said composites had been made.In this paper, the structure and treatment by organic of layered silicate were described briefly. Interclacant and cation-exchange capacity were the most influential factors for intercalation.The preparation and performance of Polymoer/layered silicate nanocomposites were summarized.