再生(生物学)
锂(药物)
阴极
价值(数学)
废物管理
资源(消歧)
环境科学
离子
资源回收
环境经济学
自然资源经济学
材料科学
业务
化学
工程类
计算机科学
电气工程
经济
医学
生物
计算机网络
有机化学
内分泌学
机器学习
废水
细胞生物学
作者
Kunhong Gu,Chiharu Tokoro,Yutaro Takaya,Shuquan Liang,Wenqing Qin,Junwei Han
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2024.03.014
摘要
Traditional cathode recycling methods have become outdated amid growing concerns for high-value output and environmental friendliness in spent Li-ion battery (LIB) recycling. Our study presents a closed-loop approach that involves selective sulfurization roasting, water leaching, and regeneration, efficiently transforming spent ternary Li batteries (i.e., NCM) into high-performance cathode materials. By combining experimental investigations with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we elucidate the mechanisms within the NCM-C-S roasting system, providing a theoretical foundation for selective sulfidation. Utilizing in situ X-ray diffraction techniques and a series of consecutive experiments, the study meticulously tracks the evolution of regenerating cathode materials that use transition metal sulfides as their primary raw materials. The Li-rich regenerated NCM exhibits exceptional electrochemical performance, including long-term cycling, high-rate capabilities, reversibility, and stability. The closed-loop approach highlights the sustainability and environmental friendliness of this recycling process, with potential applications in other cathode materials, such as LiCoO2 and LiMn2O4. Compared with traditional methods, this short process approach avoids the complexity of leaching, solvent extraction, and reverse extraction, significantly increasing metal utilization and Li recovery rates while reducing pollution and resource waste.
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