微透镜
材料科学
垂直腔面发射激光器
光电子学
光学
激光器
极化(电化学)
制作
光功率
镜头(地质)
物理
医学
化学
替代医学
物理化学
病理
作者
Qingyue Li,Vincent Raimbault,Pierre-François Calmon,Benjamin Reig,Pierluigi Debernardi,Heidi Ottevaere,Jean‐Baptiste Doucet,Julien Roul,Véronique Bardinal
出处
期刊:Journal of optical microsystems
[SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering]
日期:2023-07-13
卷期号:3 (03)
被引量:3
标识
DOI:10.1117/1.jom.3.3.033501
摘要
In this work, two-photon polymerization three-dimensional laser writing is used to integrate a microlens on the surface of a single mode polarization-stable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) to be used as a current-driven tunable source in a compact optical guided-wave gas sensor. The writing conditions are optimized to enable on-demand room temperature and single-step fabrication at a post-mounting stage. We show that a writing time of 5 min is sufficient to fabricate a microlens that efficiently reduces the VCSEL beam divergence, without significant change on its emitted power or polarization stability. The lens addition reduces the spectral available range at high injection currents. A two-dimensional optical modeling of the gain characteristics is used to explain this effect and a new transverse design is proposed to avoid this issue.
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