Physical properties of radiation dense reactive sintered borides

Reactive Sintered Borides (RSBs) were fabricated to investigate the effects of carbon and chromium content producing a series of samples referred to as Gen 2 RSBs. These RSBs were tested and evaluated for various mechanical (bulk moduli, fracture toughness, nano and micro-hardness) and microstructural properties. It is the first time when the correlation between different RSB phases and mechanical properties are understood in detail, along with the CALPHAD assessment of RSBs. CALPHAD was used to investigate the effect of sintering pressure and composition on melting point and liquid volume at sintering temperature and was critical in understanding of phase differences in Gen 1 and Gen 2 RSBs. Effects of carbon and chromium addition on mechanical and microstructural properties of RSBs were also investigated. Optimal second generation RSBs have fracture toughness of 7-10.1 MPa m0.5 and hardness of 15.9-19.1 GPa. RSBs with relative sintered density > 98% were achieved in this work. Combined X-ray diffraction and EBSD-EDX techniques were used to determine and confirm phase presence in RSBs. This work has demonstrated tractability and reproducibility of RSB materials with suitable mechanical properties for potential applications in spherical tokamaks alongside existing cemented tungsten carbides.