Structural Characterization and Protective Effects of Camellia oleifera Fruit Shell Polysaccharides against DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice

→ were respectively connected at the C6 position of →3,6)-α-d-Galp-(1→. CFP-A reduced the expression levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β and the production of nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide-induced Raw264.7 macrophages; it also downregulated inflammatory factor levels in the colon and alleviated splenic hypertrophy, colonic tissue damage, and apoptosis in DSS-induced colitis. Mechanistically, CFP-A attenuated DSS-induced colonic inflammation in mice by activating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential of CPF-A as a complementary therapy for ulcerative colitis.