Surface defect engineering and MOF derivatives regulate the electron transport pathway of polymeric carbon nitride for an efficient photocatalytic 2e− oxygen reduction reaction to form H2O2

K-CZ-2 achieved an H 2 O 2 yield of 7.8 mmol g −1 h −1 , showing 1.5- and 19.6-fold improvements compared to those of CN and g-C 3 N 4 , respectively, along with an AQY of 3.08% at 420 nm and an SCC efficiency of 0.63%.