Skin Microbiome and Radiation-Induced Skin Injury: Unraveling the Relationship, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Implications

Radiotherapy (RT) is a commonly used treatment method in oncology. A vast majority of patients undergoing RT suffer from radiation-induced skin injury (RISI), which results from complex biochemical reactions in the irradiated skin. Current strategies for preventing and managing RISI are insufficient for achieving full skin regeneration. Multiple studies have shown that alterations in the skin microbiome correlate with the development and severity of RISI. These studies suggest that dysbiosis is a crucial factor in promoting radiation-associated dermatitis. Targeting the skin microbiota presents a potential therapeutic approach that could significantly improve the quality of life for patients undergoing RT. This review aims to present current findings on the interplay between the skin microbiome and radiation-induced skin damage, as well as to discuss potential therapeutic strategies for preventing and mitigating this condition.