Characteristics of Sodium‐ion Batteries

Sodium and lithium elements are in the same main group of the periodic table, but their differences in physical and chemical properties will inevitably lead to the differences in the electrochemical performance of the corresponding electrode materials. This chapter aims to give an overall view of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Firstly, similarities and differences between sodium- and lithium-ion batteries are introduced. And then, the working principle of SIBs is elaborated. Next, the basic terms and formulas commonly used in SIBs are summarized. The structure and composition of SIBs are stated in the last part.