肝细胞癌
病毒学
慢性感染
肝硬化
抗病毒治疗
无症状的
慢性肝炎
医学
病毒
丙型肝炎
丙型肝炎病毒
内科学
免疫学
免疫系统
作者
Miguel Ángel Martı́nez,Sandra Franco
标识
DOI:10.1007/978-981-16-0267-2_6
摘要
At the beginning of this decade, an estimated 71 million people were living with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection worldwide. After the acute stage of HCV infection, 18–34% of individuals exhibit spontaneous clearance. However, the remaining 66–82% of infected individuals progress to chronic HCV infection and are at subsequent risk of progression to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Chronic hepatitis C progression is generally slow during the first two decades of infection, but can be accelerated during this time in association with advancing age and cofactors, such as heavy alcohol intake and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection. Since acute HCV infection is generally asymptomatic, HCV goes undiagnosed in a significant percentage of infected individuals. In 2014, direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy for chronic HCV was developed, which has increased the cure rates to nearly 100%. DAA therapy is among the best examples of success in the fight against viral infections. DAAs have transformed HCV management and have opened the door for the global eradication of HCV.
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