The combination of microbiome and metabolome to analyze the cross-cooperation mechanism ofEchinacea purpureapolysaccharide with the gut microbiotain vitroandin vivo

, Lachnospiraceae), metabolites (tryptophan, beta-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate), and metabolism (glycosphingolipid biosynthesis), suggesting that they may be the key factors mediating the metabolic function of EPP. Therefore, EPP has the effect of enhancing the proliferation of gut-beneficial bacteria that metabolize polysaccharides and produce valuable metabolites.