A convolutional neural network–based system for identifying neuroendocrine neoplasms and multiple types of lesions in the pancreas using EUS (with videos)

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is sensitive in detecting pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (pNEN). However, the endoscopic diagnosis of pNEN is operator-dependent and time-consuming since pNEN mimics normal pancreas and other pancreatic lesions. We intended to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based system named iEUS for identifying pNEN and multiple types of pancreatic lesions via EUS.