An environmentally relevant concentration of 6-PPD quinone inhibits two types of mitophagy to cause mitochondrial dysfunction and lifespan reduction in Caenorhabditis elegans

-1) thereby inducing the inhibition of these two types of mitophagy. Inhibition in both mitophagy and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mt UPR) caused more severe 6-PPDQ toxicity on the mitochondrial function and lifespan. Our results demonstrate the crucial role of mitophagy suppression in mediating the toxicity of 6-PPDQ, which is useful for predicting the environmental exposure risk of 6-PPDQ on organisms.