Nonthermal plasma-assisted ammonia synthesis technologies

The production of ammonia, one of the most important chemicals, has always been challenging. Industrial production of ammonia based on the Haber-Bosch process, while involving high costs and complex operating conditions such as high pressure and temperature, is additionally critically impacting the environment. Current ammonia synthesis methods consume a large amount of energy input, contributing as a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Nonthermal plasma (NTP)-assisted ammonia synthesis affords a green, sustainable, and promising alternative production technique. The ability to utilize renewable energy and obtain feedstock from carbon-free resources provides the chance for shifting to environmentally friendly green ammonia production. This chapter summarizes the fundamental ideas of NTP-assisted ammonia production and its comparison with conventional Haber-Bosch synthesis. Subsequently, challenges, possible solutions, and potentials for approaching sustainable and clean ammonia production are outlined.