Noble metal-based 1D and 2D electrocatalytic nanomaterials: Recent progress, challenges and perspectives

Recently, one- (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) noble metal-based nanocrystals have triggered tremendous interest due to their unique anisotropic structure in the field of electrochemical energy conversion. In this review, we summarize the latest research developments in 1D and 2D noble metal-based nanocrystals with various nanostructures, and their potential applications as electrocatalysts toward fuel-cell-related electrocatalysis. Five strategies including size, shape, composition, surface, and interface engineering are proposed to rationally design the nanoarchitectures of the 1D and 2D noble metal-based electrocatalysts. In addition, we also highlight the underlying mechanisms behind the structure-property relationship. Finally, we conclude the current challenges and give our perspectives on the development of high-performance 1D and 2D noble metal-based electrocatalysts. We hope this review could offer timely information on the research of 1D and 2D noble metal-based nanocrystals and provide guidance for regulating their electrocatalytic properties.