肌生成抑制素
肌动蛋白
骨骼肌
生物
细胞外
浪费的
内分泌学
肌肉肥大
心肌细胞
肌肉萎缩
内科学
表观遗传学
细胞内
细胞生物学
医学
遗传学
基因
作者
Pasquale Esposito,Daniela Picciotto,Yuri Battaglia,Francesca Costigliolo,Francesca Viazzi,Daniela Verzola
出处
期刊:Advances in Clinical Chemistry
日期:2022-01-01
卷期号:: 181-234
被引量:21
标识
DOI:10.1016/bs.acc.2021.09.006
摘要
Myostatin is a member of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily. It is expressed by animal and human skeletal muscle cells where it limits muscle growth and promotes protein breakdown. Its effects are influenced by complex mechanisms including transcriptional and epigenetic regulation and modulation by extracellular binding proteins. Due to its actions in promoting muscle atrophy and cachexia, myostatin has been investigated as a promising therapeutic target to counteract muscle mass loss in experimental models and patients affected by different muscle-wasting conditions. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that myostatin, beyond to regulate skeletal muscle growth, may have a role in many physiologic and pathologic processes, such as obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. In this chapter, we review myostatin biology, including intracellular and extracellular regulatory pathways, and the role of myostatin in modulating physiologic processes, such as muscle growth and aging. Moreover, we discuss the most relevant experimental and clinical evidence supporting the extra-muscle effects of myostatin. Finally, we consider the main strategies developed and tested to inhibit myostatin in clinical trials and discuss the limits and future perspectives of the research on myostatin.
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