Objective To understand the situation of application of antibiotics in certain hospital and solve the main problems of existence.Methods Retrospective analysis was applied to investigate the use of antibiotics in the cases,which include all kinds of type Ⅰ incision patients of surgery system.Results Totally 458 cases used antibiotics,and the usage rate of antibiotics was 91.05%.The selected antibiotics included 10 groups 27 varieties and the total application amount was 750.82 received antibiotics preoperatively,255 received antibiotics during operation and 433 received antibiotics postoperatively.In the continue medication,the longest time of antibiotic use was18d,the shortest was 1d and the average was 4.38d.119 cases received antibiotics for ≤48 h(27.5%),314 for 48h(72.5%).Conclusions Problems existed in the application of antibiotics,such as non-strict handling of indications of antibiotic use,high grade of antibiotics selected and long course.Measures should be taken to normalization the management of antibiotics and improve the rationality of application of antibiotics.