Research progress on lunar and Martian concrete

Concrete is an ideal material for human beings to build bases on the Moon and Mars, and it is an important material basis for human beings to explore outer planets. In this paper, the history of space exploration is briefly introduced. Based on the resources and environmental conditions on Moon and Mars, the preparation methods and properties of different lunar and Martian concretes were analyzed and compared, e.g., aluminate concrete, sulfur concrete, magnesia silica concrete, polymer concrete, and geopolymer concrete. Based on the existing research findings, further research directions are put forward for the existing limitations and issues in current research.