Conductive Polymer Composites

Abstract Insulating polymer materials can be made electronically conductive through the incorporation of electrically conductive fillers. These composite materials are called electrically conductive polymer composites. This article reviews a special class of conductive polymer composites—isotropically conductive adhesives (ICAs). We summarize recent advances in ICA technologies and its application as a lead‐free alternative to metal solders. We discuss how the properties of ICA can be engineered for electronic packaging in terms of material properties, conductive mechanisms, bulk conductivity, adhesion, reliability, and cost. We conclude with a discussion of commercial processes for ICA use in consumer electronics.