Thermodynamic calculations of carbonitride formation in low-alloy low-carbon steels containing V, Nb, and Ti

The CALPHAD method was employed to make a thermodynamic description of an Fe-V-Nb-Ti-C-N system; based on this description, the solubility of carbonitrides in austenite was calculated for low-alloy low-carbon steels containing V, Nb, and Ti using a 10G2FB steel as an example. The effects of the alloy composition and temperature on the composition and amount of carbonitride phases, as well as on the concentrations of the elements in the solid solution, have been analyzed.