Study was made on nitrification and organic matter oxidation under the condition of low DO and existence of organics in biological turbulent bed reactor, and analysis was conducted on the competition between heterotrophic and autotrophic bacteria. The test results show that under the conditions of DO = 2~3 mg/L, TOC = 200 mg/L, and C/N = 1∶1.5, there is less impact on nitrification; However, nitrification system is destroyed with DO = 0.5~1 mg/L, TOC ≥100 mg/L and C/N =1∶3.